." During the process of replication four different daughter strands of single stranded DNA are produced in a single duplex of DNA. DNA ligase joins the DNA molecule covalently by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides. Overview: DNA cloning (article) | Khan Academy They catalyze the joining of two molecules, deriving the needed energy from the cleavage of an energy-rich phosphate bond (in many cases, by the . Six conserved motifs (I, III, IIIa, IV, V, VI) are components of the catalytic core. Tighty-whities or loosey-goosey? n. A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. DNA ligase is also used in recombinant DNA technology (see genetic engineering) as it ensures that the foreign DNA (e.g. This enzyme connects two strands of DNA together as a result of the association between the phosphate group of one strand and the deoxyribose group on the other strand. DNA Ligase: Definition, Type, Mechanism and Significance - ResearchTweet Origin of ligase 1 1961; <Latin lig ( re) to tie, bind + -ase Words Nearby ligase ligament ligamentous ligamentum ligan ligand Some genes of high copy number occur in tandem arrays e.g. It is two domain ligase, the first one is the adenylation or nucleotide-binding domain. Eukaryotic DNA ligases: structural and functional insights. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Verma, P. S., & Agrawal, V. K. (2006). Ligase transfer the AMP to the 5 phosphate end of the donor with the formation of the pyrophosphate bond. Doherty, A. J., & Suh, S. W. (2000). DNA polymerase synthesizes a copy of the lagging strand from 3'-to-5' direction with help from two enzymes: DNA primase and DNA ligase. Hear a word and type it out. DNA ligases join the nicks and form a phosphodiester bond between the nucleotide. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. DNA is self-replicating, plays a central role in protein synthesis, and is responsible for the transmission of hereditary characteristics from parents to offspring. any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by formation of a covalent bond accompanied by the hydrolysis of ATP. She had worked as a quality control officer at Kasturi Pharmaceutical Pvt Ltd. She is interested in Virology, Molecular biology, and pharmaceutical microbiology. Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution & Ecology (1 ed.). For DNA specific ligases, see, "Synthetases - Ligases - Enzymes - Products", Superfamilies of single-pass transmembrane ligases, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ligase&oldid=1153940378, This page was last edited on 9 May 2023, at 07:53. genetics, scientific study of the mechanism of heredity. DNA ligase: structure, mechanism, and function - PubMed In a typical DNA cloning procedure, the gene or other DNA fragment of interest (perhaps a gene for a medically important human protein) is first inserted into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B: The naming of ligases is inconsistent and so these enzymes are commonly known by several different names. DNA ligase plays a vital role in DNA replication, DNA repair, and DNA recombination. But the DNA ligase from eukaryotic cells is not used. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. It does so by forming phosphodiester bonds between DNA monomers.. Source for information on DNA ligase: A Dictionary of Biology dictionary. It can ligate either cohesive end or blunt ends of DNA, RNA -DNA hybrid, and also RNA. They vary in size in different organisms. This activity can seal nicks in duplex DNA or join double-stranded DNA fragments having either blunt or cohesive ends. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. They are as follows; I. DNA Ligase I: I helps in ligating the nascent DNA on the lagging strand specially to fill the gap between the fragments of okazagi. By ligation the ends of the strand 5 and 3 are joined together by eliminating the pyrophosphate from the triphosphate. This breaks usually occurs during the process of recombination and the replication. However, later Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN) announced that the term synthetase would be used synonymously with ligase. 2005 Feb 8;15(3):R90-2. [laez] Chand and company Ltd. Ellenberger, T., & Tomkinson, A. E. (2008). ATP breakdown into AMP releasing energy, and this Adenosine monophosphate nucleotide is attached to the amino group of lysine present on conserved active site of the enzyme by phosphoramidite bond leads to the formation of enzyme-AMP complex. Combine the following in a PCR or Eppendorf tube: Vector DNA. Leading and lagging strands and Okazaki fragments. On the other hand, synthase enzymes are the ones that catalyze the synthesis of biological macromolecules without the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates. It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms may specifically repair double-strand breaks. Restriction enzymes and DNA ligase are often used to insert genes and other pieces of DNA into plasmids during DNA cloning. It is a monomeric form with a molecular weight 41KDa. The Journal of biological chemistry, 284(26), 1736517369. Subcell Biochem . ligase, also called Synthetase, any one of a class of about 50 enzymes that catalyze reactions involving the conservation of chemical energy and provide a couple between energy-demanding synthetic processes and energy-yielding breakdown reactions. DNA ligation Science Learning Hub DNA ligase is activated using ATP. In this process, two ATP molecules are consumed per one phosphodiester bond. It is the most widely used DNA ligase derived from the T7 bacteriophage. The DNA fragments which are located at the blunt ends are joined the enzyme DNA ligase. The lysine residue of the active site of the Ligase gets adenylated with the addition of AMP. For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough, You can't shut them up, but you can label them, A simple way to keep them apart. (Biochemistry) deoxyribonucleic acid; a nucleic acid that is the main constituent of the chromosomes of all organisms (except some viruses). Enzymes may be classified and named according to the reaction they catalyze: (1) oxidoreductases, (2) transferases, (3) lyases, (4) isomerases, and (6) ligases. gase l-gs -gz : synthetase Example Sentences Recent Examples on the Web Alternatively, a special kind of viral ligase protein which glues nucleic acids together may have joined the dissimilar DNA and RNA strands, with the resultant hybrid code then replicated into DNA. Let us understand the ligase mechanism with the help of DNA Ligase as an example. DNA ligase An enzyme that is able to join together two portions of DNA and therefore plays an important role in DNA repair. Gottesman worked with Martin Gellert, who had at that point just discovered the enzyme DNA, Post the Definition of ligase to Facebook, Share the Definition of ligase on Twitter. Viral ATP-dependent DNA ligases are generally small in size. DNA ligases: structure, reaction mechanism, and function. On the other hand, DNA replication use ligation, However DNA LIGATION is not applicable foe strands having blunt ends or if it is with double strand. DNA ligase enzymes carry out the repairing, replication, and recombination of DNA. From the Latin ligare , to bind. Lyases generally act by an elimination reaction, Ligase act on two molecules simultaneously, DNA replication is completed with the help of DNA Ligase, Lyases are an important part of the glycolysis and Kreb cycle, Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase, Thiokinase, Ubiquitin ligase, argininosuccinate synthetase, Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, Polyketide synthase. It is an essential laboratory procedure in the molecular cloning of DNA, whereby DNA fragments are joined to create recombinant DNA molecules (such as when a foreign DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid).The ends of DNA fragments are joined by the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the 3'-hydroxyl . What Is DNA Ligase? Definition & Role - Excedr (1996). DNA ligase either of two enzymes that join two double-helical molecules of DNA together to make a longer DNA molecule. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2014.03.008. DNA ligase seals the gap between the molecules, forming a single piece of DNA. DNA Ligase is one among them which play an important role in combing the two strands or molecules. This process involves the modification of covalent bond of the DNA substrate and the ligase enzyme. This phenomenon is generally referred to as ligation. 30 Jun. DNA Ligase: definition and functions - Questions House All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. 2023 . . Cell Cycle . They will hybridize next to each other and form a substrate for, Jackson, "Mammalian DNA double-strand break repair protein XRCC4 interacts with, (1997) Mammalian DNA double-strand break repair protein XRCC4 interacts with, Hura et al., "A flexible interface between, The total volume of the LDR reaction system was 10 [micro]l including 1 [micro]l 10 x Buffer, 1 [micro]l primer and probe mixture (0.5 pM/each), 0.05 [micro]l (40 U/[micro]l) ligase (Taq, The kit combines TurboLigase[TM], an ultrapure recombinant T4, The amplified gene of cellulase was purified from the agarose gel after electrophoresis using Qiagen gel extraction kit and ligated into the pTZ57R/T cloning vector (Fermentas) using, LDR reactions were carried out in a volume of 20 [micro]L containing 20 mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 10 mmol/L Mg[Cl.sub.2], 100 mmol/L KCl, 10 mmol/l DTT, 1 mmol/L EDTA, 1 mmol/L NAD+, 12.5 mmol/L each probe, 3[micro]L of PCR product, and 0.1 mmol/L, Descriptively, the hOGG1 gene on chromosome 3p26 catalyzes the cleavage of a glycosylic bond between the modified base and a sugar moiety, leaving an abasic apurinic/apyrimidinic site in DNA which is then incised followed by a few successive actions of a phosphodiesterase that completes the repair process with a final function by a DNA polymerase, and a, Note exquisite sensitivity in cell strains derived from DNA damage sensing- or repair-deficient cells derived from patients with abnormal ATM, NBS1 and, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Physiological Roles of DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Ionizing radiation-induced XRCC4 phosphorylation is mediated through ATM in addition to DNA-PK, Archaeal genome guardians give insights into eukaryotic DNA replication and damage response proteins, A study on BMPR-IB genes of Bayanbulak sheep, MoBiTec GmbH, Germany, is Offering TurboLigation[TM] Kit, Enabling Quick Ligation of DNA Molecules in Just 5 Minutes at a Bargain Price, Cloning of a cellulase gene from indigenous strain of bacillus species, Simultaneous detection of hepatitis B virus genotypes and mutations associated with resistance to lamivudine, adefovir, and telbivudine by the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction, Association of gene polymorphisms with development of cancer risk or their protective role associated with some mutant alleles, The therapeutic ratio is preserved for radiotherapy or cisplatin treatment in BRCA2-mutated prostate cancers, A novel programming approach for DNA computing, DNA Identification Technology and Human Rights Center. Domain 1 serves site for ATP binding it is composed of six alpha-helices that surround three antiparallel beta-sheets, and domain 2 is made up of antiparallel beta sheets and alpha helix. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. DNA sequences are replicated by the cell prior to cell division and may include genes, intergenic spacers, and regions that bind to regulatory proteins. PDF Chapter 19: DNA Ligases (PDF) - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory . Omissions? The entire Pfu DNA polymerase, 100 bp DNA ladder, 1 Kb DNA ladder, protein size marker, restriction endonucleases, and T4, The insert DNA is ligated into plasmid vector by, To prepare the pEGFP-Hsp20-NS3, at first, the NS3 gene was ligated in Sal/I/HindIII restriction sites of pQE-Hsp20 using T4, The final step is the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3' end and the 5' end with the participation of, XRCC4 encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that multimerizes and interacts with, One such modification which the reader may encounter is where the assay incorporates some form of obligate, The wells were washed again, and 100 [micro]L of a ligation mix (0.5 U/[micro]L [T.sub.4], Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Cloning, Expression, and Refolding of PPE17 Protein of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis as a Promising Vaccine Candidate, A STRATEGY OF TADOF1 CASSETTE DEVELOPMENT IN PLANT EXPRESSION VECTOR TO ENHANCE NITROGEN ASSIMILATION IN WHEAT, The Distinct Role of Small Heat Shock Protein 20 on HCV NS3 Expression in HEK-293T Cell Line, Oxidative stress--repair systems of oxidatively damaged biomolecules, Differential proteomic analysis of date palm leaves infested with the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to both nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia, 'I love Pares,' 'Sew What!' DNA ligase forms which type of chemical bond? The final phosphodiester linkage between the 5-phosphate group on the DNA chain synthesized by DNA polymerase III and the 3-hydroxyl group on the chain made by DNA polymerase I is catalyzed by DNA ligase. Note: Bacterial ligase is adenylated by NADH2, which cleaved to form nicotinamide mononucleotide. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Now day purified DNA ligase is isolated in the laboratory, which is used in gene cloning to join DNA molecules together to form recombinant DNA. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication. DNA ligase belongs to the nucleotide transferase superfamily, including RNA ligases and mRNA capping enzymes. This process ends up in the lagging strand by synthesizing the okazaki fragments. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Some types of environmental factors, such as high-energy radiation, can cause double-stranded breaks in DNA (splitting a chromosome in two). DNA ligases from bacteriophages T3 and T7 are also commercially available, as well as several nonviral DNA ligases, some of which are thermostable. A Dictionary of Biology. DNA ligase enzymes are used in two ways such that one for the introduction of specific gene into the plasmid vector and on the other hand it can be used for fusing the gene by uniting all the genes together. DNA ligases play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the genomes effectively. DNA ligase of E. coli is a polypeptide of molecular weight 75,000. T7 DNA ligase is the enzyme of choice when sticky ends only need to be sealed since its affinity to sticky ends grossly outweighs the one for blunt ends. How does DNA ligase work DNA ligase catalyzes the joining of the 3-OH and 5-phosphate. Domain 1 is composed of 3 antiparallel -sheets that are flanked by six -helix. 06 Postdoctoral Fellowships at Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, 16 Postdoctoral Fellowships at Kings College London, England, 14 Postdoctoral Fellowships at University of British Columbia, Canada, 19 Postdoctoral Fellowships at University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 16 Postdoctoral Fellowships at University of Arizona, Arizona, 06 Postdoctoral Fellowships at University of Antwerp, Belgium, 17 Postdoctoral Fellowships at Pasteur Institute, France, 17 Postdoctoral Fellowships at Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands, 26 Postdoctoral Fellowships at University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, 17 Postdoctoral Fellowships at Duke University, North Carolina. DNA ligase | definition of DNA ligase by Medical dictionary This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. But, what does ligase do? However, the date of retrieval is often important. any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. However, many common names use the term "synthetase" or "synthase" instead, because they are used to synthesize new molecules. Let us define ligase. DNA ligases: progress and prospects. SUSAN J. KARCHER, in Molecular Biology, 1995 Ligase. "DNA ligase Adenylation of DNA ligase/ Activation of DNA ligase, https://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/fulltext/S1097-2765(07)00144-X, Capillaries: Structure, 3 Types, Functions, Diseases, Veins: Definition, Structure, Types, Functions, Diseases, Arteries: Definition, Structure, Types, Functions, Diseases, DNA Cloning: Principle, Steps, Components, Methods, Uses, Genomics (Structural and Functional): Methods, Uses. They are used with restriction endonuclease enzyme to insert DNA fragments, often genes, into the plasmid. DNA ligases are classified into two categories based on source, the enzyme requires either ATP or NAD+ as a cofactor. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Ligase | DNA replication, Enzymatic activity, Protein synthesis Dictionaries thesauruses pictures and press releases. The enzyme found in Haemophilus influenza consists of 268 amino acids, and larger cellular ligases such as human DNA ligase I consist of 912 amino acids, and IV consist of 844 amino acids. ligase [ligs, ligs] any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. DNA ligases are Mg++-dependent enzymes that catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds at single-strand breaks in double-stranded DNA (for review and main references up to 1992, see Engler and Richardson 1982; Lindahl and Barnes 1992). The size of DNA ligases is different from organism to organism. The 5 phosphate group is attacked by a 3 hydroxyl group of another strand, forming a phosphodiester bond releasing free AMP and hydrogen ions. Thus, DNA ligase plays a critical role in repairing, replicating, and recombination of DNA. A-X and B-V, in the above reactions). Ligase | definition of ligase by Medical dictionary Mostly the DNA ligases named I, II, and IV are used in most of the cloning experiments. DNA Ligase & Restriction Enzymes: Overview - Study.com 2011 Nov 1;10(21):3636-44. At the same time, synthase would be used for the synthesis-catalyzing enzymes that may or may not involve energy utilization. Historically, synthetase enzymes were defined as the ligase that catalyzes the joining of two macromolecules with the utilization of the energy molecules obtained by the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates (like ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP, and UTP), for example, hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This elaborate tutorial provides an in-depth review of the different steps of the biological production of protein starting from the gene up to the process of secretion. DNA ligase Definition: An enzyme that closes nicks or discontinuities in one strand of double-stranded DNA by creating an ester bond between adjacent 3' OH and 5' PO4 ends on the same strand. In most cases it also leads to joining of bonds during the damage of DNA and also in the repairing processes. In molecular biology, DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ligase. DNA ligase III: a spotty presence in eukaryotes, but an essential function where tested. Where as the ligase named T4DNA are used most of the times to perform the activity of ligases. DNA ligases from bacteriophages T3 and T7 are also commercially available, as well as several nonviral DNA ligases, some of which are thermostable. Ligase enzymes are synonymous with synthetase enzymes. DNA ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the ligation reaction, ligation is the process of joining various types of DNA fragments. In the first step, the DNA fragments or DNA segments or Okazaki fragments are reorganized with their active sites. 2023 The Biology Notes. It results in loss of stability of the genome and ends in loss of genetic fragments of the Genome and at times it may also lead to chromosomal mutations. DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA strands through the formation of phosphodiester bonds in a process called DNA ligation. DNA Ligase - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Babita Sharma is currently studying Master's degree in Medical Microbiology from the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. Domain la is required for the reaction of ligase with NAD. ligase chain reaction a type of DNA amplification that uses DNA ligase to link chains and amplify the template containing the sequence in question. Ligases are one of the most widely used enzymes in the molecular biology laboratory. Within the usual definition, m, DNA Mixtures, Forensic Interpretation of Mass Graves, DNA Testing, Fingerprints, and Polygraphs, https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/dna-ligase, Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, History of. ribosomal DNA in eu, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) Organisms whose genomes incorporate and express genes from another species. https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/dna-ligase, "DNA ligase A ligase catalyzing the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond between an amino acid and transfer RNA is called amino acidRNA ligase. . It consists of two domains, namely 1 and 2. Delivered to your inbox! The content on this website is for information only. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. An enzyme is a catalyst or a chemical produced by cells to speed up a biochemical reaction. DNA ligase either of two enzymes that join two double-helical molecules of DNA together to make a longer DNA molecule. During the process of restriction digestion two types of ends are produced, namely blunt or sticky ends where as in other biological techniques. Restriction enzymes Restriction enzymes are found in bacteria (and other prokaryotes). Many DNA ligases also contain a non-catalytic domain that is conserved, but the function of this domain is unknown. ligase, also called Synthetase, any one of a class of about 50 enzymes that catalyze reactions involving the conservation of chemical energy and provide a couple between energy-demanding synthetic processes and energy-yielding breakdown reactions. DNA ligase joins the DNA molecule covalently by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides. In such cases, the DNA ligases induces its catalytic activity that helps in repairing the breaks in the DNA by forming the phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides in the EDNA duplex. DNA ligases - PubMed Structural and mechanistic conservation in DNA ligases. Commercially available thermostable Taq ligases are used in amplification reactions because of their thermostable properties. Updates? DNA Ligase II: These are not considered as true ligases because these enzymes do not have their own genes. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). 2023. And the second domain is the oligonucleotide binding fold domain consists of a highly twisted antiparallel -sheet with a single helix running along one edge. First, DNA primase adheres to a portion of the lagging . https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/DNA+ligase. Human DNA ligase IV is required for V(D) J recombination, the process that generates diversity in immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor loci during immune system development. DNA ligase | Encyclopedia.com In essence, ligases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the binding of two molecules. DNA ligases join up the broken strand by catalyzing a PHOSPHODIESTER BOND at this point. DNA is prepared for ligation by being cut into fragments with restriction enzymes. T3 ligase is more salt tolerant than T4 and . Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. What is ligase? [1] There are also some ligases that use the name "carboxylase" to indicate that the enzyme specifically catalyzes a carboxylation reaction. This domain serves site for ATP binding, which is located in a pocket beneath one of the -sheets. ligase [ligs, ligs] any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. DNA Ligase IV: This DNA ligase plays an important role in joining the double strands of the DNA. These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'ligase.' It is a monomeric form with a molecular weight 68KDa. III. At the time of completion of process the extraction of primase is carried out by loading the gaps of the okazagi fragments with nucleotides with the help of DNA polymerase. The most widely utilized ligase in a science laboratory is the DNA ligase. 3. Ligases are used in recombinant DNA cloning to bind annealed fragments of restriction endonuclease. Doherty, A. J., Ashford, S. R., Subramanya, H. S., & Wigley, D. B. This ligase can also be found at the DNA of mitochondria. In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. DNA ligase I: ligate Okazaki fragments during lagging strand DNA replication and some recombinant fragments. DNA ligase I | definition of DNA ligase I by Medical dictionary Ligase and lyase are closely related classes of enzymes. For ATP or NAD+ co-factor binding, metal ion coordination, and ligation chemistry, these motifs are necessary. Any of a class of enzymes that act as catalysts in chemical reactions in which molecules are linked together, as in the synthesis and repair of DNA or in the formation of recombinant DNA. DNA ligase is a type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. Generic term for enzymes (EC class 6) catalyzing the joining of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar compound.
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