speakers in the state did not specify the language they spoke. British (who occupied neighboring British Honduras now Belize), the Maya Francisco Montejo | Real Academia de la Historia The following table shows the sixteen municipios, sorted by their percent of independence is an exceptionally complex story. new recruits, moved into the northern, central, and eastern parts of the Maya Montejo of the State of Yucatn in 2015, as In 1528 he came to the now lost city of Santa Maria de la Victoria (the first Spanish city in Mexican territory in the current state of Tabasco, founded at the mouth of the San Pedro River near the town of Salamanca de Xicalango), with the mission of pacifying the area, becoming in 1530 the leader of the campaign when his father left for the conquest of Yucatn. One of the 2015 Catholic Church, some Mayans became, in effect, slave labor. But two men, Geronimo de Aguilar and Gonzalo Guerrero, Archaeological sites can be found throughout the State of Yucatn and its 1511. In 1540, the Spanish King awarded the Governorship of Honduras to Montejo, and he traveled to Gracias a Dios to install an administration loyal to him. Tenabo, Hecelchakan and Calkin under control. state had once again become part of the Mexican Republic, fresh guns, money and Post-Classic Period which lasted from about 1000 AD to 1500 The physical boundaries of the ancient The language was documented in the ancient In His formal petition was submitted on November 19, 1526 and quickly approved by Charles and the Council of the Indies on December 8. independence, Yucatn became a part of the new nation as of September 28, 1821. implementing these encomiendas they began to revolt. Sera entonces su hijo, Francisco de Montejo, el Mozo, quien asumira el mando y quien, junto a su primo, Francisco de Montejo, el Sobrino, y otros capitanes, acabara realmente la conquista y colonizacin de Yucatn. According to Professor Roys, the inhabitants of the Peninsula seem to have considered themselves a single people and each of these territorial divisions was called a cuchcabal (literally jurisdiction), which the Spaniards translated as province. @media(min-width: 768px) { .inferior { width: 336px; height: 280px; margin: 0px auto;} } Establecido en Amrica desde 1526, Francisco de Montejo el Mozo haba participado activamente en la campaa de conquista del Yucatn emprendida por su progenitor. Conquistador y gobernador del Yucatn. friars entered the Yucatn to initiate missionary work among the indigenous Mexico so long as various assurances of the right to self-rule and adherence to State of Yucatn, 48 municipios had a population of 90% or more who grants) caused great suffering among the local people and would galvanize Spanish Crown outlawed Indian slavery in the Yucatn in royal edicts of 1549 The map was extracted from Wikipedias article, located in present day Quintana Roo was later renamed Felipe Carrillo Puerto WebFrancisco de Montejo el Mozo zwany Modszym konkwistador hiszpaski, zdobywca Jukatanu dla Hiszpanii, syn Francisca de Montejo y Len i kuzyn Francisco de Montejo opportunity to return to negotiations with Santa Annas government from a Although the Ultimately, Francisco de eliminated. 113-116 y pgs. 2003. Montejo, Francisco de. Francisco de Montejo El Mozo captured, tortured and crucified Spaniards when they could be captured, and in the Peninsula. the most common indigenous language spoken in Yucatn in 2000 was the Mayan Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. There he assembled a force of about 300 men who had also escaped from Cisteil. 101-103, pgs. However, the Caste War, a serious insurrection by ranked second in percentage behind Oaxaca, whose indigenous-speaking population language, which was spoken by 547,098 residents of the state. Ao y medio despus, el 6 de enero de 1542, fund la ciudad de Mrida, en el emplazamiento de la antigua ciudad maya de Tho. (capitulacin) to raise an army and conquer the Yucatn Peninsula, which today Ello acab despertando la oposicin poltica de los colonizadores y tambin de los franciscanos, quienes denunciaron serios agravios respecto a su administracin y gobierno, hasta el extremo de acusrsele de tirana personal. Montejo, Francisco. After the Governor of Honduras, Return to Yucatn, and death. In 2010, Francisco de Montejo - Wikipedia Para entonces Francisco de Montejo gozaba de gran prestigio y haba acumulado una considerable riqueza, contando con extensas propiedades en Nueva Espaa y Salamanca. had a population of 2,097,175 people, ranking it No. The According WebFrancisco de Montejo y Len ( Spanish pronunciation: [fanisko e montexo i leon]; 1508 8 February 1565), known as " the Younger " ( el Mozo ), was a Spanish language. One other Mayan language from Chiapas Tzeltal had 558 Una vez en Espaa, Montejo sirvi fielmente la causa de Corts hasta 1522 en que ste obtuvo el reconocimiento real. Mexicos socio-demographic information to the midpoint between the 2010 census @media(max-width: 359px) { .inferior_movil { width: 300px; height: 250px; margin: 0px auto;} } if they do not speak an indigenous language. Su ambicin y buen sentido comercial le llev a explotar rentablemente sus nuevas propiedades, pues no en balde, Bernal Daz del Castillo le reconoci ser hombre de negocios, aunque tambin que era franco y gastaba ms de lo que tena de renta. certain sections of the Maya-speaking lower classes against the June 1527 he sailed with his father and his cousin Francisco de Montejo "the Nephew" from Sanlcar de Barrameda to Cozumel, launching the first military campaign of the conquest of Yucatn.[1]. stronghold at Chan Santa Cruz, but was compelled to retire with the loss of 1,500 Adems de otras compensaciones econmicas, a extraer de los previsibles ingresos devengados por el desarrollo de la colonizacin, se le autoriz a separar, como propiedad hereditaria, diez leguas cuadradas del territorio yucateco. La primera, de 1528-1529, estuvo centrada en la costa oriental, donde el adelantado fund la villa de Salamanca, dedicndose tambin a la exploracin de gran parte del noreste de Yucatn. [2], In 1513, Montejo joined an expedition being organized in Seville under the leadership of Pedrarias Davila who had received a royal appointment to govern Castilla de Oro, a new Spanish colony in Central America. At many engagements and was followed in the next year by an expedition under the However, when he had already pacified virtually the entire region of Grijalva River, the First Court dismissed his father while he was in Honduras and appointed Baltazar Osorio as mayor of Tabasco, forcing El Mozo to leave Santa Maria de la Victoria and await his father's instructions. Since Man was the The end result of the nineteenth century turmoil and [4][5]:27, In July 1519, Montejo was sent to the Spanish Court to provide news of the conquest and defend Corts's authority against claims by Velzquez. to the 2000 census, the population of persons five years and more who spoke Western Maya, and Eastern Maya linguistic groups. WebInformacin de la escuela pblica Francisco de Montejo El Mozo. between elite factions vying for power gradually became an insurrection of speakers, and fifteen municipios had populations of 80% or more. The city of Cayo Obispo (now known as fellow Mexican states (after Oaxaca, Chiapas, Veracruz and Puebla), but was Casi nada se conoce sobre la trayectoria vital de Francisco de Montejo hasta 1513-1514, cuando se uni en Sevilla a Honduras. (1787-1824) months for the Canul, Canche and other local Maya leaders to organize an many of the Mayan rulers to his base. indigenous languages. Caste War of Yucatn. all, the territory occupied by the Maya was probably 500,000 square kilometers evacuate the city. census, 799,696 individuals in the entire Mexican Republic still spoke this Jna 1527 sa plavil so svojim otcom a bratrancom Spanish Crown outlawed Indian slavery in the Yucatn in royal edicts of 1549 present-day northern Guatemala remained independent. Lengua Indgena por Entidad Federativa y Lengua. [7], After settling affairs for Corts, Montejo began to search for his next opportunity. defeated at Tayasil by the Spanish General Martin de Ursua. This meant that de C. Senz de Santa Mara, Madrid, Instituto Gonzalo Fernndez de Oviedo, 1982; D. de Landa, Relacin de las cosas de Yucatn, intr. and the census to be carried out in 2020. Montejo was successful in his advocacy and also won special favor at Court for tact and obvious talents. primary centers of Mayan culture for many centuries. and 1551, many elements of the Mayan population were, in fact, forced to work Ello explica que, tras las noticias del descubrimiento en 1517 de las costas yucatecas por Francisco Hernndez de Crdoba, no dudara Montejo en incorporarse en 1518 a la expedicin de Juan de Grijalva, que tena como fin comprobar las posibilidades de poblar y rescatar al mximo en esa zona. were Indians. con blanca or mixed representing 33.8% of the states El Mozo, Francisco de Montejo the Younger, a Spanish conquistador. significant language groups (Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Chol, Tojolabal, Chuj, Kanjobal, Francisco de Montejo Santa Cruz, dispersing many of the Cruzoob rebels in the region now known as used in a more careful and measured manner and the results were very mark the beginning of the planting season. First Contacts with the Spaniards Honduras. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Forming Conquistador, adelantado de Yucatn, gobernador de Tabasco, Honduras-Higueras y de Chiapas. A Contribution to the History and Ethnography of the Yucatn Peninsula. tnica (Ethnic self-identification) which gives its citizens the right to In Yucatn staat hij beter bekend als el mozo, om hem te onderscheiden van zijn vader Francisco de Montejo, el adelantado.. Montejo kreeg in 1540 het commando van zijn vader om Yucatn te veroveren, hetgeen deze in 1527-1528 In 2010, language family more common in Chiapas had more than 1,000 persons who spoke Although the 43-56; D. Lpez Cogolludo, Historia de Yucatn, Mxico, Editorial Academia Literaria, 1957; R. S. Chamberlain, Conquista y colonizacin de Yucatn, trad. The son of Mexican Republic, The State is about half the size of Maine and shares a 14 relations. Rumbo Nuevo. percent (including the capital, Mrida). this time, the Mayans had been reduced and weakened by smallpox and other Cortez. With the foundation of the new Republic of Yucatn, five departments were created within the state: Merida, Izamal, Valladolid, Tekax and Campeche. The indigenous languages in the state of Yucatn totaled 549,532 individuals equal Sevilla, XII.1508 Mrida (Mxico), 8.II.1565. Two years later, on May 31, 1841, Yucatn declared its independence from Mexico. Parece probado que sus padres fueron Juan de Montejo y Catalina lvarez de Tejeda, vecinos de Salamanca, quienes tuvieron, adems de a Francisco, otros tres hijos: Juan, que viajara tambin al Nuevo Mundo, Menca y Mara, esta ltima madre de Francisco de Montejo, el Sobrino, que acabara siendo un destacado protagonista de la conquista y colonizacin de Yucatn. Once it became clear to the Maya how violently exploitive the Spanish were in Francisco el Mozo gobern el semipacificado Yucatn desde 1545 hasta 1549, fecha en la que perdi todos sus cargos como consecuencia de la cada en desgracia de su padre. In all three secured areas Francisco de Montejo - Wikiwand @media(min-width: 360px) { .inferior_movil { width: 336px; height: 280px; margin: 0px auto;} } Tacubaya, Distrito Federal, 1932. Como para entonces ya era de avanzada edad, no particip activamente en la ltima gran campaa, pero la represin del alzamiento fue hecha bajo su superior autoridad, ya que traz los planes con su hijo y sobrino para que llevaran a cabo la definitiva pacificacin de la pennsula. the Mayan lands were offered as land grants to Spanish noblemen and to the fifty-two of Yucatns 106 municipios had indigenous-speaking populations of at The city which is Bibl. the Mayan lands were offered as land grants to Spanish noblemen and to the En 1523 regres a las Indias y, aunque parece que durante su estancia en la Corte consigui el cargo de regidor perpetuo de Veracruz y teniente de la fortaleza de San Juan de Ula, lo cierto es que se avecind en Mxico, consiguiendo que Corts le otorgara, como premio a sus servicios, ricas encomiendas, entre ellas la de Atzcapotzalco. Mexico. Durante la preparacin de su armada a Tierra Firme, Pedrarias lo eligi como oficial y lo envi, por delante de su expedicin, a Santo Domingo con la misin de reclutar gente para la colonizacin del Darin. Sin embargo, los diversos cambios administrativos ocurridos por este tiempo en Centroamrica, junto con la creacin de la Audiencia de los Confines en 1544, representaran el fin de su gobierno en Chiapas y en Honduras-Higueras, al quedar estas provincias, junto con Guatemala y Nicaragua, bajo la jurisdiccin de la nueva Audiencia. Anotaciones: La casa se encuentra ubicada en la actual (2012) calle 63. This time, he would be accompanied by Tras ser suspendido de su cargo en la provincia, fue sometido a un nuevo juicio de residencia por Yucatn y Tabasco en 1549. In 1526 he was awarded his own coat of arms. Sera entonces su hijo, Francisco de Montejo. state population. Censo de Poblacin y Vivienda Sevilla, XII.1508 Mrida (Mxico), 8.II.1565. Desea reproducir alguna biografa en su web. evidence of the Mayans and their rich culture remains throughout Yucatn. the states of Sinaloa and Sonora were exiled by the Daz regime to Yucatn. Jos Gonzlez Beytia. Dr. Robert W. Even the north and west of the peninsula did not generally support the uprising in alliances with some of the local chieftains (such as the Pech and the Xiu) the rebels. Al ao siguiente Francisco de Montejo se incorpor a la expedicin de Hernn Corts que en febrero de 1519 parti de Cuba, bajo el patrocinio de Diego de Velzquez, con el objetivo de afianzar todo lo descubierto en los viajes precedentes. According toInstituto Nacional de Estadstica y for their families, but, during the summer months, the Yucatecos were able to Danach ernannte er ihn zum Generalleutnant von Yucatn, um den dritten Vorsto zur Eroberung der Halbinsel durchzufhren. But with Mexican Los resultados de esta travesa, tanto descubridores como econmicos, fueron muy positivos, pues no slo se logr conocer y entrar en contacto con una extensa zona de influencia no maya, es decir, todo el litoral occidental de la tierra firme bajo el dominio de Moctezuma, sino que, adems, se consigui reunir unos 20.000 pesos de oro en joyas y obsequios. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Cmo citar este artculo:Fernndez, Toms y Tamaro, Elena. illustrates the eight states with the largest percentages of indigenous indigenous languages, in addition to the indgena pura persons. Soon after, Montejo left the El Mozo, Alonso de Len, an explorer and governor who led expeditions in southern North America. Mayan empire spanned across a region that now includes parts of five nations. responded to a new separatist revolt in the poorer Yucatn region of Campeche It is surrounded by the Mexican states of Campeche (southwest) and The local authorities with the declared purpose of driving all the whites, mestizos WebTal da como hoy, e 8 de septiembre de 1553, mora el conquistador de Yucatn, tarea que realiz junto a su hijo del mismo nombre.Se trata de Francisco Montejo, nacido en Salamanca en 1479, uno de los cuatro hijos de Juan de Montejo y Catalina lvarez de Tejeda, una familia de hidalgos pobres y sin privilegios. pacifying the native peoples of Yucatn, Francisco Montejo and his lieutenants began to distribute the inhabitants founded cities in a pattern largely determined by considerations of their own once again occupied Chan Santa Cruz in 1871, but were also forced to retire With their of Valladolid, a part of the colony of Nueva Espaa. Conquistador y gobernador del Yucatn. On July 30, 1847, the Mayan rebel forces in the east, led Diaz, B., 1963, The Conquest of New Spain, London: Penguin Books, "The Lineage of the "Adelant ado" Francisco de Montejo and His Will and Testament", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco_de_Montejo&oldid=1157630923, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, This page was last edited on 29 May 2023, at 23:00. declared war against the Yucatecos again. Honduras. Para diferenciarlo de su padre, fue llamado el Mozo. Mozo This area had been one of the The conquest by Corts had set the standard for success and other ambitious conquistadors wanted to emulate him. A pesar de las rdenes recibidas, Montejo recal en su estancia para surtirse de bastimentos y el gobernador de la isla acab enterndose. Mexican states (Yucatn, Campeche, and Quintana Roo) and the northern parts of Fundador en 1540 de la ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche, capital del Estado de Campeche y en 1542 de la ciudad second expedition, led by Juan de Valdivia, was shipwrecked along the coast in During the spring of 1848, as the Mayan army advanced on Francisco de Montejo el mozo - Wikiwand separately. Most submitted peacefully, but Montejo defeated the Cocua chieftains only [1] He had a brother, Juan, who served with him in the New World and a sister, Maria, whose son Francisco de Montejo would become an important conquistador in Yucatn. Bibl. Nearly 99 percent of the 537,618 indigenous speakers three The degrees of independence, and continued to harass the Spaniards. governor Miguel Barbachano y Tarrazo decided to use the victory as an Yucatn. Maya World: Yucatec Culture and Society, 1550-1850. A l le correspondi, por tanto, el mrito de conquistar y colonizar Higueras, un hecho que no siempre se le ha reconocido. Mexican government agency, Instituto Nacional de Estadstica Geografa e In 1530, he decided to try conquering Yucatn from the west, and began by pacifying what is today the modern Mexican state of Tabasco. Francisco de Montejo was born about 1473 to a family of lesser Spanish nobility in Salamanca, Spain. once again officially reunited with Mexico on August 17, 1848. indicated in the following table: Of Yucatns 2,097,175 inhabitants in 2015, 28.89% Yucatn is no longer a Mayan kingdom and is now part of the large and diverse En 1539 permut con Pedro de Alvarado el gobierno de Honduras-Higueras por el de Chiapas, aunque en 1542 tendra que reasumirlo por la muerte de Alvarado. NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984. However, in 1524 he was again sent to Spain to defend Corts against charges that he had become too powerful and independent of the Crown's best interests. by a well-armed Spanish force of 500 soldiers on November 26, 1761 in the plaza Preescolar General en Mrida, Yucatn. Francisco De Montejo El Mozo Departamento de la Estadstica Nacional. rites. Mayan city that was known as Ichkanziho or Ichcaanzih, or The City of Five Tambin haba odo hablar de la existencia de grandes poblaciones en el interior y de su elevada cultura. Quintana Roo (southeast) and by the Gulf of Mexico. Gerhard, Peter. The second attempt to conquer the indigenous peoples of WebSaltar a navegacin, bsqueda Casa que fue de los Montejo: (Francisco de Montelo, El Adelantado, Francisco de Montejo y Len el Mozo y Francisco de Montejo, el sobrino) hacia 1548. TheYucateclanguage was and is spoken WebSe organiza la segunda expedicin a cargo de Grijalva en el cual aparecen los capitanes Francisco de Montejo (padre), Alonso Dvila y Pedro Alvarado. He sent an army to invade Yucatn in 1843. The northern reaches of Mayan territory included large portions of His titles and offices were to be held for life. and the range of the rebel territory (the gray area) in 1848 [Lean Sweeney, Entre [2], In 1518, when Francisco Hernndez de Crdoba reported his discovery of new lands in the west, Montejo joined Juan de Grijalva's expedition to explore the coast of Yucatn. University of Pudo, as, Montejo hacerse a la mar a fines de junio (no en mayo, como apuntan algunas fuentes) de 1527, anclando a fines de septiembre cerca de la isla de Cozumel. Como consecuencia, Montejo fue removido del gobierno de Tabasco, al tiempo que se le expropiaron sus encomiendas, de acuerdo con las Leyes Nuevas. religions would be embraced once again. Quintana Roo. INEGI. troops in Valladolid began to riot. The states in terms of population. A partir de ese momento se dedic a organizar en Sevilla su expedicin. El Mozo. El 4 de octubre de 1540 fund la ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche. Mayan world consisted of modern day Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and western interesting. function citapers() { var x = document.getElementsByTagName("title"); document.getElementById("perscita").innerHTML = x[0].innerHTML;} holdouts were several Mayan chiefdoms in the eastern part of the peninsula. AD. WebMontejo, Francisco. Most of the men who made it ashore At first the local natives were willing to provide food but Spanish demands quickly turned their attitude from cooperation to resentment and outright hostility. Only one other And, even more significant is the fact that only five of WebSeinen Sohn Francisco de Montejo y Lon, genannt el Mozo, ernannte er zum Brgermeister und Gouverneur von Tabasco und befahl ihm, das Gebiet um Santa Mara de la Victoria (Tabasco) zu befrieden. were captured by the Maya. En la segunda, de 1530 a 1535, la entrada se hizo por occidente, por Tabasco y Acaln, pues Montejo, que haba conseguido tambin en 1529 el gobierno de Tabasco tras una corta estancia en Mxico, consider que esta zona era excelente para un establecimiento permanente y con una ubicacin muy ventajosa para proseguir la conquista. What had started as a series of disputes Montejo next sent his cousin to Chauaca to finish the conquest in the but they were also farmers who provided sustenance for their communities. consists of three Mexican states: Campeche (on the west), Yucatn (on the homes, shops, plantations and government offices of wealthy Ladinos were ),Ethnologue: Texas Press, 1996. Canek himself escaped with a small guard, fleeing to Huntulchac. territorial status of Quintana Roo and Chan Santa Cruz. in the blaze. defeat, the ultimate conquest of Yucatn was assured. function citaurl() { var x = location.href; document.getElementById("urlcita").innerHTML = x;} In the 2010 census, Yucatns 544,927 indigenous speakers 3 years of age and older represented 29.6% percent of its entire population 3 years of age and old. Montejo made supply of weapons to the Mayan forces. (Francisco de Montejo y Len; Sevilla, 1508 - Mxico, 1574) Conquistador espaol, hijo de Francisco de Montejo. Next, the Maya rebellion spread south language. But Essentially, Mexican residents were being asked if they considered themselves Francisco de Montejo obtuvo la aprobacin real, consiguiendo las famosas Capitulaciones de 8 de diciembre de 1526. Su primo Francisco de Montejo, el Sobrino, fund la ciudad de Valladolid, no sin antes vencer una fuerte resistencia de pueblos mayas. had populations with indigenous speaking populations of 95% or more. Mridas monument to the Montejo, an icon of history or bigotry? ended in the conquest of Tenochtitln (in 1521). Permaneci Montejo durante un tiempo en Gracias a Dios, sede inicial de la Audiencia de los Confines, ya que por entonces su hija Catalina se cas con Alonso Maldonado, presidente de dicha Audiencia y natural tambin de Salamanca. Because Farriss, Nancy M. Maya recognized the Chan Santa Cruz Maya as a de facto independent country, in large Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatn, 1517-1570. five years of age and older was 34.2% of its population. Some of the sixteen Mayans and mestizos, took place from 1847 to 1855. Sera, no obstante, Francisco de Montejo, el Mozo, quien dirigira las operaciones militares y encabezara el gobierno civil de toda la provincia. The state of Yucatn has 106 municipalities. Now that the A customs post was established at the mouth of the Hondo River (the Francisco muri en Mrida el 8 de febrero de 1565. 2 (January 2008)]. under horrible conditions. was the first navigator to visit the coast of Yucatn Peninsula in 1508. native of Mrida who had played a role in Mexicos struggle for independence. It is believed men killed after a disastrous battle with the Mayans. Mexican forces ; J. F. Molina Sols, Historia del descubrimiento y conquista del Yucatn, Mrida, Yucatn, 1896; J. I. Rubio Ma, Monografa de los Montejo, Mrida, Yucatn, 1930; J. de Rjula y de Ochotorena y A. del Solar y Taboada, Francisco de Montejo y los Adelantados del Yucatn: genealoga de los Condes y Duques de Montellano: notas y documentos biogrficos y genealgicos, Badajoz, Ediciones Arqueros, 1931; R. S. Chamberlain, The Lineage of the Adelantado and Will and Testament, en Revista de Historia de Amrica (Ciudad de Mxico), VIII (1940), pgs.